o; ;jfnnfO{ pQl/t ug]{ cToGt gld7f cg'ejx?
g]kfnLefifL ef/tLo hgtfsf] dgdf jiff}{b]lv vft nfu]/ a;]sf lyP . olx+ k/fofkgn]
pJhfPsf] e]befjaf6 d'lQm kfpg pgLx?n] nfdf] ;do;Dd k|of; ug'{k¥of] . cGtt Ps
bzscl3 pgLx?sf] dft[efiff g]kfnLnfO{ ef/tLo ;+ljwfgsf] cf7f}+ cg';"lrdf ;dfj]z
u/L ef/tLo hgtfsf] Pp6f efiffsf] ?kdf l:jsf/ ul/of] . o;/L cfkmgf] efiffn]
;+j}wflgs dfGotf kfPkl5 pgLx?n] klg cfkm'dfly ljb]zL eg]/ nufOPsf] bfu
kvflnPsf] / ef/lto gful/ssf] lrgf/L kfPsf] dx;'; u/] . t/ ;+ljwfgdf cfkm'n]
af]Ng] efiffn] dfGotf kfpg' dfq Tof] efiff af]Ng] hgtfx?sf] pTyfg / ljsf;sf
nflu kof{Kt x'g ;Sbf] /x]5 t < jf To;;+u;+u} g]kfnL efiff af]Ng] ef/tLo gful/sx?n]
ef/tLo hghLjgsf ljljw If]qx?df lqmoflzn x'g] / of]ubfg ug]{ cj;/ kfP < jf
efiffsf] ;+j}wflgs dfGotfn] c? s]xL pNn]vlgo pknJwL eof] ls < o:tf ;jfnx?sf]
hjfkm vf]Hg] hdsf]{ ub}{ g]kfnLefifL ef/tLox?n] olx+ dfr{ @@ b]lv /fhwfgL
gof" lbNnLdf tLg lbj;Lo efiff pT;j @))@ dgfPsf lyP .
lbNnL g]kfnL ;flxTo ;+:s[lt d~r4f/f cfof]lht To; pT;jdf ef/tsf
ljleGg k|fGtdf 5l/P/ /x]sf g]kfnLefifL ef/tLo hgtfsf k|ltlglwx? e]nf ePsf
lyP . pT;jsf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf cltlysf ?kdf 8f= sdnf ;f+s[Tofog, nVvLb]jL
;'Gbf;, rGb|snf g]jf/ / b'uf{ zdf{sf] pkl:yltn] ef/tdf g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo
/ ;+:s[tLsf] ljsf;df dlxnfx?n] u/]sf] dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfgsf] ;Demgf u/fp"Yof]
. sfo{qmdsf] d'n ljifosf af/]df rrf{ ubf{ sfo{qmdsf cfof]hsx? / pk:yLt ;a}h;f]sf]
d'Nof+sg lyof] ls nfdf] ;+3if{kl5 ;+j}wflgs dfGotf kfP/ klg ef/tdf g]kfnL
efiffsf] oyf]lrt ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g / g]kfnLefifLx? :jo+n] klg o; efiffsf]
k|j4{gsf nflu pNn]vlgo sfd ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
:jflwg ef/tdf g]kfnL efiffnfO{ ;+j}wflgs dfGotf lbnfpg]
k|of;sf] z'?jft\ ;g\ !(%^ b]lv ePsf] lyof] . Toltv]/ b]x/fb"gaf6 k|sflzt x'g]
hfu|t uf]vf{ hg{nsf] ;Dkfbg ;d'xdf /x]sf cfgGb l;+x yfkf, aL/ l;+x e08f/L /
g/]Gb| l;+x /fgfn] tTsflng /fi6«klt 8f= /fh]Gb| k|;fbnfO{ krf; nfveGbf a9L
hgtfn] af]Ng] g]kfnL efiffnfO{ ;+j}wflgs dfGotf lbg'kg]{ dfu ub}{ Ps 1fkgkq
a'emfPsf lyP . t/ pgLx?nfO{ ;/sf/ kIfn] Ps :jtGq ;fj{ef}d b]z g]kfnsf]
/fi6«efiff ePsf]n] g]kfnL efiffnfO{ ef/tLo ;+ljwfgsf] cf7f}+ cg';"lrdf ;dfj]z
ug{ gldNg] hjfkm lbof] . cf7f}+ cg';"lrdf ;dflji6 efiffx?n] lzIffsf] dfWod
x'g kfpg], To; efiffsf] ljsf;sf nflu ;/sf/n] k|of; ug]{, ef/lto s]Gb|Lo ;]jfdf
kl/Iffsf] j}slNks dfWodsf] dfGotf kfpg], P]g sfg'gx? tL efiffdf cg'jfb ul/g],
gful/stf k|fKt ug{ tL efiffx?dWo] s'g}df kof{Kt 1fg x'g'kg]{, ;~rf/
dfWodx?df o:tf efiffnfO{ dfq :yfg lbOg], ;/sf/L sfof{nox?df tL efiffx?df dfq
cfj]bg lbg jf x:tfIf/ ug{ kfOg], ljleGg lsl;dsf ;flxToLs k'/:sf/x? kfpg
j}wflgs x'g] nufot w]/} k|ToIf kmfObfx? lng ;Sby] . ck|ToIf ?kdf efiffsf] ;+j}wflgs
dfGotfn] lbg] nfex? cem w]/} lyP . t;y{ g]kfnLefifL ef/tLox?sf nflu cfkmgf]
efiffnfO{ dfGotf lbnfpg' gful/stfsf] lrgf/Lsf] k|Zg dfq geP/ Pp6f gful/sn]
kfpg'kg]{ w]/} ;x'lnot / cj;/x? xfl;n ug{ klg cfjZos lyof] . To;}n] efiffsf]
dfGotfsf nflu z'? ePsf] n8f"O Tolts}df /f]lsg] s'/} ePg .
;+ljwfgdf pNn]v gul/P klg bflh{ln+u, b]x/fb"g, cNnfxjfb,
snsQf, k6gf, agf/;, uf}xf6L, efunk'/ cflb zx/x?df /x]sf ljleGg ljBfno
sn]hx?df g]kfnL efiffnfO{ Pp6f /fli6«o efiffsf ?kdf l:jsf/]/ To; efiffnfO{
k9fOsf] dfWod / cnUu} ljifosf ?kdf klg ;dfa]z u/fO{Psf] lyof] eg] g]kfnL
efiff / ;flxTosf] ljsf;sf nflu w]/} ;flxTosf/x?n] cfkm'n] ;Sbf] k|of; u/]sf
lyP . ;g\ !(^! df klZrd a+ufn ;/sf/n] cfkmgf] clkml;on efiff;DaGwL P]gdf
g]kfnL efiffnfO{ klg Pp6f ;/sf/L efiffsf] ?kdf dfGotf lbPsf] lyof] . To;sf]
kf"rjif{kl5 sflnDkf]+usf] g]kfnL ;flxTo cWoog ;ldtLn] tTsflng k|wfgdGqL OGbL/f
ufGwLNFFO{ k'g o;} ljifodf csf]{ 1fkg kq k7fPsf] lyof] . To;}u/L nf]s;efdf ;f+;b
8f= d}q]oL af]; / /fHo;efdf lrQ a;'n] g]kfnL efiffnfO{ dfGotf lbnfpgsf nflu
cfkm'n] ;Sbf] k|of; u/] eg] dflxnf afh]sf gfdn] lrlgg] /tgnfn a|Dxf0fn] t
cfkm'n] c? efiff af]Ng} ghfGg] atfP/ g]kfnL efiffdf g} ;+;bdf af]Ng], o;
ljifodf ;+;bdf gLhL ljw]os Nofpg], c? ;f+;bx?sf] klg ;xdlt h'6fpg], 1fkgkq
k7fpg] cflb sfd u/]/ o; cfGbf]ngdf yk an k'¥ofPsf lyP .
OGbL/f ufGwLsf] nfdf] k|wfgdGqLTjsfndf ljleGg e]udf /x]sf
g]kfnLefifL hgtfx?n] k6sk6s g]kfnL efiffnfO{ dfGotf lbgsf nflu pgnfO{
e]6\g], 1fkgkq k7fpg], dfu /fVg] sfd u/]sf eP klg cfZjf;g lbg' afx]s To;
cjlwdf s'g} klg 7f]; pknJwL x'g ;s]g . kl5 df]/f/hL b];fO k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 t
pgn] emg\ g]kfnL ljb]zL efiff xf] eg]/ o; dfunfO{ 7f8} cl:jsf/ u/]sf lyP .
t/ klZrd a+ufn, lqk'/f / l;lSsd ;/sf/n] qmdzM ;g\ !(&&, &* / *@ df g]kfnL
efiffnfO{ ;+ljwfgsf] cf7f}+ cg';"lrdf /fVg'kg]{ ;+sNknfO{ kfl/t u/] .
To;kl5sf lbgx?df klg g]kfnL efiff ;+ljwfgdf g} pNn]v ug{ ;+;b / c?
d~rx?dfkm{t of] cfjfh lg/Gt/ pl7/x\of] t/ ;'jf; l3l;+usf] g]t[Tjdf z'? ePsf]
uf]vf{Nof08 cfGbf]ngn] g]kfnL efiffsf] ;f6f] uf]vf{ efiffnfO{ dfGotf lbg'kg]{
ljrf/ cl3 ;fg{ yfn]kl5 of] ljifodf s]xL e|d ;[hgf x'g yfNof] .
o; qmddf ;g\ !(() df ufGtf]sdf ePsf] clvn ef/lto g]kfnL
efiff ;Dd]ngn] efiff cfGbf]ngnfO{ cln a9L utL lbof] . ;g\ !((@ df nf]s;efdf
;f+;b lbns'df/L e08f/Ln] g]kfnL efiffnfO{ cf7f}+ cg';"lrdf ;dfj]z ug{ gLlh
ljw]os Nofp"bf ;/sf/ cfkm}n] ljw]os Nofpg] ljZjf; lbnfP/ pgnfO{ gLhL ljw]os
lkmtf{ lng nufPsf] lyof] . t/ ;+;b clwj]zg ;lsg] lbg;Dd klg pQm ljw]os
gNofOPkl5 ;f+;b e08f/L ;+;bdf ;+jf]wg ubf{ub}{ efj'stfjz ?g k'lug\ / Tolta]n}
ljw]os gNofOP;Dd cfkm'n] cfd/0f cgzg ug]{ 3f]if0ff ul/g\ . cGttM To;} lbg,
;g\ !((@ cu:6 @) sf lbg ;/sf/n] g]kfnL, dl0fk'/L / sf]GsfgL tLg efiffnfO{
cf7f}+ cg';"rLdf ;dfj]z ug]{ ljw]os NofO{ nf]s;ef / /fHo;efaf6 kfl/t u/fof]
. o;/L lg/Gt/sf] nfdf] k|of;kl5 dfq g]kfnL efiffnfO{ ef/lto ;+ljwfgdf g}
pNn]v u/fpg g]kfnLefifLx? ;kmn ePsf lyP .
t/ uPsf] Ps bzsdf o; cfwf/df g]kfnLefifLx?n] pNn]vlgo s'g}
k|utL ug{ ;s]gg\ . nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] ef/tLo k|zf;lgs ;]jfsf] kl/Iffdf
g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ klg Pp6f ljifo agfPsf] 5 t/ g]kfnLefifLx?n] To;sf] cfwf/df
l;len ;le{;df k|j]z ug{ g;s]sf] u'gf;f] Ps n]vdf 8f= dx]Gb| kL= nfdfn]
ug'{ePsf] 5 . T;;}u/L ef/tLo ;+;bdf g]kfnLaf6 c+u|]hLdf cg'jfb u/L af]Ng]
dfG5] Ps s/f]8 g]kfnLefifL ePsf] ef/tdf tLg k6s lj1fkg ubf{ klg kfpg g;lsPsf]
s'/f klg cToGt b'vnfUbf] tYo lyof] . o;/L efiffs} nflu Toltw]/} dl/d]6\g]
g]kfnLefifL ef/tLo hgtfn] cfkmgf] efiffn] dfGotf kfO;s]kl5 To;nfO{ cl3 a9fpg
/ To;sf cfwf/df cfkm'x? cl3 a9\g g;Sg'df cfkm'x?s} 7'nf] sdhf]/L /x]sf] clxn]
l:jsf/ ub}{5g\ . gof" lbNnLdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf cfTdfnf]rgf;+u;+u} cfufdL
lbgdf hgu0fgfdf g]kfnLefifL ef/tLo hgtfsf] ;f"rf] ;+Vof b]vfpg'kg]{, ef/tLo
g]kfnLx?sf] Oltxf; n]Vg'kg]{, ljleGg ;/sf/L ;+3;+:yfx?df g]kfnLefifLx?sf]
k|ltlglwTjsf] dfu /fVg'kg]{ cflb sfdx? ug{ cfjZos ePsf] ljrf/ JoQm u/]sf lyP
.
