;j{k|yd gjul7t /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]usf] ;DaGwdf rrf{ ug'{ clu 8f= b'uf{ kf]v|]nn] cfof]usf] cWoIfdf lgo'Qm ePkl5 ljleGg ;df/f]xx?df af]Ng' ePsf s]xL s'/fx?, cfof]usf ;DaGwdf cGo /fhgLlts g]tfx? tyf dlxnf clwsf/jfbLx?sf] k|ltlj|mofnfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf oxf" pNn]v ug{ h?/L 5 . 8f= b'uf{ kf]v|]nn] Pp6f d~rdf eGg'ePsf] lyof] æev{/ ˚'Ng vf]h]sf] sf]lknfnfO{ if0foGqd"ns t/Lsfn] otf / ptf 3f]Rg] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . dlxnf cfof]un] x/]s lhNnfsf k]zfut dlxnfsf] tYof+s /fVg] tyf ufp"ufp"df uP/ r]tgfd"ns sfd ug]{ ;f]r lnPsf] 5 . ;fy} dlxnfsf] ;d:of s'g} kf6L{ ljz]ifsf] geO /fli6«o ;d:of ePsf]n] cf˚"n] s'g} /fhgLlts e]befj g/fvL sfd ug]{ dg;fo /fv]sL 5' .Æ

To;}u/L k|d"v ljkIfL bn g]skf Pdfn]sf pkg]tf s]kL zdf{ cf]nL eGg'x'G5 æ/fli6«o dlxnf cfof]u u7g u/]/ ;/sf/n] l9nf] eP klg plrt sbd p7fPsf] 5 . of] ;+:yf b'Orf/ dlxnfsf] 9nLdnL ug]{ ;+:yfsf ?kdf ;Lldt g/xf];\ .Æ g]skf Pdfn]sf csf{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o, cg]d;+3sf cWoIF tyf ;f+;b ljBf e08f/Ln] /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]u u7gsf nflu w]/} klxn]b]lv cf˚"n] p7fO/x]sf] cfjfh clxn] sfof{Gjog ePsf]df ;/sf/nfO{ wGojfb lbb} o;nfO{ ;jf{lwsf/;DkGg agfpg sfg'gdf g} clwsf/ / st{Josf] 6+'uf] nufpg'kg]{ dfu /fVb} of] dlxnf cfof]u dlxnfnfO{ em'Sofpg] ;+oGq dfq} gagf];\ eGg'x'G5 .

o;/L g} cGo bnsf dlxnf ;f+;bx?n] klg ;+;bdf af]Ng] qmddf dlxnf cfof]unfO{ :jfut u/]sf lyP . r]nLa]6L a]nljvg lgoGq0fsf nflu sfo{/t u}/;/sf/L If]qsf] Pp6f ;d"xn] gjul7t dlxnf cfof]unfO{ clegGbg ug]{ bf}8df cf˚\gf] gfd cu|:yfgdf /flv;s]sf] 5 . u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t cGo s]xL dlxnfx?n] ck|ToIf ?kdf o; cfof]unfO{ :jfut ub}{ o;n] eljiodf em]Ng'kg]{ r'gf}tL / ug'{kg]{ sfdsf] ljifodf ;Nnfx klg lbO;s]sf 5g\ . s]xL dlxnf clwsf/jfbLx?n] cfof]usf] clwsf/ / sfg'gL x}l;otnfO{ eGbf a9L cfof]udf dgf]lgt ePsf dlxnf JolQmTjx?sf] cg'ejlxgtf / sfo{bIftfdf dGb cfjfhdf z+sf JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy} s]xLn] dlxnf clwsf/, lk5l8Psf ju{, lzIff, :jf:Yo;DaGwL 1fg ePsf / ;fdflhs If]qdf of]ubfg k'¥ofO/x]sf cg'ejL JolQmTjnfO{ ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . Pshgfn] dlxnf clwsf/jfbLn] dfq zlQm ;DkGg :jtGq cfof]u rflxPsf] eGb} o; clwsf/ljxLg cfof]unfO{ lj36g ug]{ dfu /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . Pp6f klqsfn] t dlxnf cfof]usf] u7g b]pjf ;/sf/n] u/]sf c;n sfdsf] dflyNnf] ;"lrdf kb{5 eg]/ cfkmgf] ;DkfbsLodf klg n]Vof] .

pk/f]Qm cleJolQmx?nfO{ Ps Ps u/L s]nfP/ x]g'{ h?/L 5 . lsgls ltg} cleJolQmx?sf] k]l/˚]/Ldf o; dlxnf cfof]usf] eljionfO{ cf+sng ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . g]kfnsf dlxnf clwsf/jfbLx?n] nfdf] ;dob]lv sfg'g;Ddt ¿kn] Pp6f clwsf/;DkGg :jfoQ dlxnf cfof]usf] dfu u/]sf lyP h;n] dlxnf clwsf/sf ;jfndf ;/sf/ / dlxnf ljsf;sf lgDtL ;a} dGqfno tyf ;/sf/sf c? lgsfox?sf] sfdsf] lgu/fgL ug{ ;sf]; . ;fy} cfjZos k/]sf] cj:yfdf lgb]{zg / k}/jL klg ug{ ;sf]; dlxnf dGqfnon] o:tf] sfd ug{ ;Sb}gYof] . ;/sf/sf] s'g} Ps dGqfnon] csf]{ dGqfnonfO{ ;Nnfx lbg dfq ;S5, lgb]{zg lbg ;Sb}g .

s'g} klg dGqfno eg]sf] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] gLlt, lgod / sfo{j|mdx?nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfo xf] . To;}n] lxhf]sf lbgdf cGo dGqfnox?af6 n}lu+s ?kdf ;+j]bgzLn eP/ s] slt sfd x'g ;s] ;s]gg\ / lsg eO/x]sf] 5}g\ eGg] s'/fsf] lgu/fgL dlxnf dGqfnoaf6 x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . To;}n] lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg] x}l;ot ePsf] :jfoQ dlxnf cfof]usf] dfu ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ cj c? dGqfno a/fa/ x}l;ot ePsf] dlxnf dGqfno cGt/ut /x]sf] dlxnf cfof]unfO{ cGo dGqfnox?n] 6]/k'R5/ nufpnfg\ t < s] g]kfnsf] Pdfn]sf pkg]tf cf]nL, dlxnf g]t[ ljBf e08f/L nufotsf cGo dlxnf ;f+;b tyf g]t[x?n] dlxnfsf ;jfndf lxhf] x'g g;s]sf o:tf sfdx? ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ lgb]{zg lbg;Sg] x}l;ot gePsf] o:t} dlxnf cfof]usf] kl/sNkgf u/]sf lyP t < pgLx?sf klxn]sf cleJolQmx?nfO{ ;lDembf" t pgLx?sf] c8fg clwsf/;DkGg :jfoQ dlxnf cfof]usf] u7gsf] dfu lyof] .

t/ clxn] dlxnf dGqfnosf] Pp6f xf"uf ;/xsf] dlxnf cfof]u agfp"bf klg xtf/ xtf/ :jfut ug]{, ˚]/L of] cfof]u ;jf{lwsf/;DkGg agfpg sfg'gdf g} clwsf/ / st{Josf] 6+'uf] nufpg'kg]{ dfu /fVg] / cfof]u dlxnfnfO{ em'Sofpg] ;+oGq dfq} klg gagf];\ eGg] ;Nnfx klg lbg] lsl;dsf sfdx? k/:k/ lj/f]wL ;f]rx? x'g\ . dlxnf g]t[x?sf o:tf bf]wf/] cleJolQmx?n] l;+uf] dlxnf cfGbf]ngdf 7f]; pknJwLx? xfl;n ug{ dbt k'¥ofpg g;Sg] dfq xf]Og ls To;df a? cj/f]w ;[hgf ub{5g\ . g]tf / g]t[x? sltv]/ s'g rf]nf le/]/ dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf ;d;fdlos ;jfnx?sf] s'g kIfdf dt lbg k'U5g\ cg'dfg ug{ g;lsg] ePsf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf Pp6} dfq z+sf ug{ ;lsG5 ls s] dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] ;jfndf dlxnf g]t[x?nfO{ cfkm' / cf˚\gf] kf6L{sf dlxnfx?n] ;/sf/L kb kfpg' dfq ;j}eGbf 7'nf] pknJwL x'g] u/]sf] xf] t <

csf]{lt/ o; ;Gbe{df ;fdflhs If]qdf sfo{/t dlxnf clwsf/jfbLx?sf] cleJolQm klg bl/nf] x'g;s]g . dlxnfx?n] clxn] cfof]udf dgf]lgt ePsf s'g} dlxnfsf] lj/f]w ug{ cfjZos 5}g lsgls JolQm eGg] s'/f t cfh Pp6f /xG5 ef]nL csf]{ cfp"5 . dlxnf cfof]udf dgf]lgt ePsf dlxnfx?n] cfjZos k/]sf] v08df dlxnfsf ;jfnnfO{ lnP/ ;/sf/;"u h'em\g ;S5g\ To; Ifdtfdf s'g} z+sf 5}g\ . t/ pgLx?sf] ;/sf/;"u h'em\g] x}l;ot vf]O t < ;d:of oxf"lg/ 5 / ;jfn eg]sf] o; cfof]usf] :jfoQ ;+/rgf / clwsf/ If]qsf] xf] . ;/sf/n] cfof]unfO{ ;Nnfx lbg] sfd dfq ;'lDkPsf] 5, ;/sf/sf lgsfox?nfO{ cfjZos kbf{ lgb]{zg lbg] clwsf/ cfof]u;+u 5}g . ef]nL dlxnf cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx?n] lbPsf] ;NnfxnfO{ ;/sf/ / cGo dGqfnox?n] dfg]gg\ eg] To; cfof]un] p7fPsf cfjfhx?sf] s] cy{ /xG5 < hf] s;}n] klg gjul7t dlxnf cfof]usf ;DaGwdf p7fpg'kg]{ k|d"v ;jfn of] x'g'kg]{ xf] .

t/ dlxnf clwsf/jfbLx?n] dlxnf cfof]usf] ;+/rgfdfeGbf a9L s'/f dgf]lgt ;b:ox?sf] of]Uotf / Ifdtfdf p7fPsf] b]lvG5 . s] b]pjf ;/sf/n] /fhgLlts If]qsf ;fy} blnt, ;dfh;]jL, lj1 / cg'ejL dlxnf ;j}nfO{ :yfg lbPsf] eP dlxnfjfbLx?n] o; cfof]unfO{ ;dy{g ug]{ lyP t < olb o:tf] xf] eg] pgLx?sf] rf;f] klg kb;Dd dfq l;ldt b]lvG5, cfof]usf] ;+/rgf / x}l;otdf xf]Og . o; cy{df b]pjf ;/sf/n] dlxnfx?sf] ljkIfdf dlxnfx?nfO{ pEof"fP/ ˚'6fp / zf;g u/ eGg] s'6gLltsf] v]n v]Nof] . t/ ckzf]r, g]kfnL /fhgLltdf plqPsf dlxnfx?sf] ;f]r, x}l;ot / kbk|ltsf] nfn;fn] pgLx? klg lkt[;QfTds ;f]r ePsf /fhgLlts sfo{stf{ dfq /x]5g\ eGg] s'/fsf] pbfx/0f o:tf] dlxnf cfof]unfO{ :jLsf/ u/]/ ;fljt ul/lbP .

o;}u/L gjlgo'Qm cWoIf 8f= b'uf{ kf]v|]nn] cfof]un] h'g vfnsf sfdx? ug]{5 eg]/ rrf{ ul//xg' ePsf] 5, lgZro klg To:tf] vfnsf] sfdsf] nflu dlxnf cfof]usf] cfjZostf dx;'; ul/Psf] xf]Og . dlxnfx?sf] r]tgf hufpg / pgLx?sf] ljsf;sf lglDt sfd ug]{ g]kfndf xhf/f} u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf / >L %sf] ;/sf/sf y'k|} dGqfno tyf ljefux? 5g\ . To;}n] ;a}eGbf klxn] cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx? g} cfof]un] ug]{ sfdsf ;DaGwdf :ki6 x'g h?/L 5 / o;sf nflu dlxnf dGqfnon] Pp6f ljw]os klg agfO{ ;s]sf] 5 .

jf:tjdf b]pjf ;/sf/n] gf/L lbj;sf] lbg o:tf] x}l;otsf] dlxnf cfof]u u7g ug'{eGbf To;sf] abnfdf lhpdf:g] a]Rg] ljw]os / 3/]n' lx+;f;DaGwL ljw]os h:t} /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]usf] ljw]osnfO{ ;+;bdf btf{ ul/lbPsf] eP a? o;nfO{ b]pjf ;/sf/sf] 7'nf] pknAwL dfGg ;lsGYof] . t/ b]pjf ;/sf/n] dlxnf clwsf/sf ;jfnx?df s'6gLlts uf]6L rfNb} dlxnf cfof]u / d'n'sL P]g P3f/f}+ ;+;f]wg ljw]os h:tf dxTjk"0f{ s'/fx?df h;/L k|:t't eof], To;nfO{ a'em]/ ;fdflhs /fhgLlts If]qsf dlxnf g]t[x?n] cfkmgf] :ki6 ;f]r / c8fgnfO{ cleJoQm ug{ ;s]gg\ . a? pgLx?n] pN6} bf]wf/] s'/fx? JoQm ub}{ ;Demf}tfjfbL df]8df cfkm'nfO{ pEof"P . olx sf/0fn] ubf{ ;/sf/nfO{ clxn] dlxnf clwsf/sf dfux?nfO{ cNdNofOlbg / cfGbf]ngsf ;jfnx?nfO{ b'u{ltlt/ ws]Ng ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 . oL b'O6f ;jfnx?df dlxnfx?sf] h'g 9'Nd'n]kgf / ;Demf}tfk/:t ;f]r b]lvof], To;n] ef]ln dlxnf clwsf/sf c? ;jfnx?nfO{ klg cwsNrf] k|fKtLdf k'¥ofP/ 5f]l8lbg]5 .