/fhg}lts k|0ffnLn] :yfloTj kfpg g;s]/ d'n's hgo'4sf] rk]6fdf k/]sf] lyof] . clxn] hgo'4 /f]lsPsf] cj:yf 5 . o; If0fLs zflGtnfO{ :yfloTj lbgsf nflu clxn] /fhg}lts bnx?, dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ tyf ljleGg ljrf/ af]Sg] gful/s ;dfhdf /x]sfx?af6 k|of; eO/x]sf] cfj/0fdf b]lvPsf] 5 . leqL¿kdf klg tL k|of;x?df Toltg} OdfGbfl/tf / k|lta4tf 5 eg]/ cfzf ug'{sf] cltl/Qm Pp6f ;r]t gful/sn] tTsfn ug{;Sg] cGo s]xL e"ldsf b]lvb}"g . x'gt k|d"v /fhg}lts bnx?n] d'n'ssf] jt{dfg /fhg}lts ;d:ofsf] lgsf;sf lglDt b]vfPsf af6fx?df /x]sf leGgtfnfO{ Pp6f ;r]t gful/sx?n] ulDe/ eP/ lgofnL/x]sf 5g / /fhg}lts bnsf sltko xf:of:kb s'/fx? ;'Gg klg afWo 5g\ .

/fhg}lts k[i7e"lddf ePsf rnv]nx? x]bf{ /fhfn] k'gM /fhg}lts bnx?nfO{ lbg yfn]sf] bz{ge]6 tyf ;/sf/L jftf{ ;+of]hs gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] cfrf/;+lxtf t'?Gt}h;f] cfp"5 eg]sf s'/fx? Psflt/ 5g\ eg] k|wfgdGqLn] cfrf/;+lxtfnfO{ clGtd?k lbg af]nfPsf ;a{blno a}7ssf xf:of:kb b[Zox? csf{lt/ 5g\ . gof" ljsf;qmdsf ?kdf d+unaf/ P3f/ sKo'lgi6 kf6L{x?sf] ;+o'Qm a}7s / pgLx?n] ug]{ eg]sf] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] k|;+u 5 . tL afd kf6L{x?n] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] Ph]08f to ug{ csf]{ a}7s a:g] s'/f u/]sf x'gfn] To;sf Ph]08f gx]l/sg o;df l6Kk0L ul/xfNg klg x'"b}g . t/ o:tf a}7sx? gf}6sLk"0f{ gx'g\ eg]/ ;r]t gful/sn] s] sf/0fn] lgofNg' k/]sf] 5 eg] o:t} /fhg}lts cEof; / ax;x?af6 g} s'g} ;dfwfgsf] ldnglaGb' lg:s]nf sL eg]/ cfzf ug'{ kl//x]sf] 5 . ca dn'sdf o'4 gxf];, s;}sf] 5f]/f5f]/L 6'x'/f gx'g, sf]xL dlxnf ljwjf aGg gk/f];, s'g} cfdfjfj'sf 5f]/f5f]/L gd?g / d'n'sdf zflGt sfod xf]; eGg]df g} ;a}sf] dgl:ylt s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 . t/ /fhg}lts dxTjfsf+Iff af]s]sf /fhg}lts kf6L{, dfcf]jfbL tyf b/af/n] hgtfsf] o; efjgfnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{ ;S5g\ jf ;Qm}gg o;sf nflu t ;donfO{ kv{g' kg]{x'G5 .

/fhg}lts v]dfdf /fhlglts lgsf;sf nflu o:tf cEof; eO/x]sf 5g\ eg] ;fdflhs If]qdf hgo'4n] NofPsf] dfgljo IfltnfO{ s;/L k'g:yf{kgf ug{ ;lsG5 eg]/ u[xsfo{ eO{/x]sf] xf]nf eg]/ cfzf ug'{k5{ . x'gt o; kIfdf ulDe/ u[xsfo{ eO/x]sf s'/fx? aflx/ cfPsf 5}gg\ . To;}u/L u}/;/sf/L tyf ;fdflhs If]qaf6 lx+;f kLl8t kl/jf/sf nflu s] s:tf vfnsf k'g:yf{kgf / ;xof]u sfo{qmdx?sf] z'?cft ul/Psf] 5 eg]/ ;fj{hlgs¿kdf Tolt hfgsf/L aflx/ NofOPsf] 5}g . oBlk ;/sf/ kIfaf6 z'?cft\ ul/Psf] k'g:yf{kgf sfo{qmd aflx/ cfPsf 5 . o;} ;Gbe{df ;/sf/L kIfaf6 cl3 ;fl/Psf] sfo{qmdsf] lsl;d / k|s[lt s:tf] vfnsf] 5 t < Psl5g rrf{ u/f}++ .

o'4lj/fd ePkl5 ;/sf/;"u lx+;flkl8t kIf / gful/s ;dfhaf6 /flvPsf] Pp6f d'Vo dfu ;/sf/n] lx+;flkl8tx?sf nflu /fxt / k'g:yf{kgf sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff u/f];\ eGg] lyof] . ;/sf/n] b'OxKtf cl3 lx+;f lkl8tx?sf nflu Pp6f /fxt sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff ul/;s]sf] 5 . cvaf/x?df cfPsf ;dfrf/nfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ x]bf{ ;/sf/n] clxn] dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfh dGqfno / u[xdGqfnodf˚{t tTsfnLg /fxt sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 . ;/sf/n] dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfh sNof0f dGqfnosf] dlxnf ljsf; zfvfaf6 ?s'd, /f]Nkf, ;Nofg, bfª, Ko'7fg, sflnsf]6, b}n]v, hfh/sf]6, ;'v]{t, af"s], 8f]Nkf, afh'/f, a}t8L, h'Dnf, s}nfnL, c5fd, c3f{vf"rL u/L !* lhNnfdf /fxt sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmd cGt/ut tL !* lhNnfsf lx+;faf6 lj:tflkt dlxnfx?nfO{ lagflwtf] kf"r xhf/sf b/n] qm[0f k|bfg ug]{ / 6'x'/f ePsf afnaflnsfnfO{ lgoldt¿kdf z}lIfs ;fdu|L pknAw u/fpg] tyf cgfy ePsf afnaflnsfnfO{ vfg / k9\gsf nflu lhNnfl:yt afndlGb/df k'g:yf{kgf ul/g] sfo{qmd /x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . ;fy} o; sfo{qmdsf nflu ;/sf/n] $) nfvsf] ah]6 5'§ofPsf] 5 . o; sfo{qmdaf6 !* lhNnfsf o'4af6 lkl8t b'O;o dlxnf, ^ ;o 6'x'/f tyf b'O ;o cgfy u/L Ps xhf/ hgfeGbf a9L JolQmx? k|ToIf nfeflGjt x'g] s'/f klg b]vfOPsf] 5 .

To;}u/L u[x dGqfnon] u0f]zdfg zflGt cleofg cGtu{t cft° kLl8t dlxnfnfO{ cfly{s ;xof]u, ltgsf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ljBfno egf{ Pj+ cWoog cWofkgsf nflu /fxt sfo{qmd nfu' u/]sf] hfgsf/L aflx/ cfPsf] 5 . t/ o;sf ;fy} ljleGg lhNnfaf6 ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] eQfx? kfpg g;s]sf u'gf;fsf ;dfrf/x? klg cfO/x]sf 5g\ . oxf" k'g:yf{kgfsf oL s'/fx?nfO{ lsg rrf{ ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] eg] dfcf]jfbL hgo'4df cf7xhf/eGbf a9L dfgljo Iflt ePsf] cg'dflgt tYof°nfO{ aflx/ NofOPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] clxn] tTsfnsf nflu eg]/ h'g /fxt sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf] 5, To;nfO{ ;sf/fTds¿kdf lng'kg]{ eP klg o;sf] lg/Gt/tf s:tf] xf]nf eg]/ cfz+sf p7fpg}kg]{ x'G5 . lsgls hgo'4n] u/]sf] dfgljo Ifltsf] t'ngfdf clxn]sf] /fxt sfo{qmd cToGt Go"g 5 / hlt ah]6 5'6\ofP/ ;/sf/ /fxt sfo{qmddf h'6]sf] 5, To;n] lkl8tx?sf] rfxgf / cfjZostfnfO{ sltsf] ;d]6\g ;Snf t < ;/sf/n] o; sfo{df u}/;/sf/L If]qsf] ;xof]unfO{ s;/L v'6\ofPsf] 5 < cflb k|Zgx? lg?Ql/t 5g\ .

;dfrf/nfO{ g} cfwf/ agfP/ x]bf{ s]xL u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx? klg lkl8tx?sf] k'g:yf{kgfsf /fxt sfo{qmdf h'6]sf b]lvG5g\ . h:tf] afnaflnsfx?sf nflu s]xL ;+:yfx? afnaflnsf zflGtIf]q eGg] vfnsf sfo{qmdx?sf tof/L ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L ;]e b lrN8«]g, g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L tyf j]; cflbn] sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf s'/fx? k|sfzdf cfPsf 5g\ . o;}u/L ;}lgssf ljwjfx?nfO{ ;}lgs >LdtL ;+3n] sfo{qmd rnfO/x]sf] 5 . o;/L ;fgf] ;fgf] :t/df ePsf /fxt sfo{qmdx?n] s]xL ;d"xnfO{ ;d]6]sf] eP klg o;nfO{ s;/L Jofks agfpg ;lsG5 eGg] kIf ulDe/ u[xsfo{n] dfq :ki6 kfg{ ;Qm5 . o;sf nflu ug'{kg]{ cEof;x?sf] yfngL klg ;fy;fy} x'g h?/L 5 . o;sf] lglDt ;j{k|yd t ;/sf/ kIf / dfcf]jfbLx?n] ;fj{hlgs¿kdf lkl8tx? sf] sxf" s;/L 5f} eg]/ eg]/ cfJxfg ug{ cToGt h?/L 5 . lsgls ef]nL uP/ lkl8tx?nfO{ /fxt k'¥ofpbf klg w]/} lsl;dsf leGgtf x'g] Tolts} ;Defjgf 5 . To;sf] lglDt kLl8tsf] k|sf/nfO{ v'6ofp"b} To;} cg';f/sf] /fxt k'¥ofpg ;lsof] eg] ;a} lkl8tn] ;dfg¿kdf Gofo kfpg ;Sg] lyP . cfkm\gf lk|ohg u'dfpg' k/]sf sf/0f x'g] dfgl;s dgf]j}1flgs kL8f ;a} lx+;f lk8Ltx?nfO{ a/fa/L g} xf]nf t/ klg cfly{s jf ef}lts cefjsf] kL8f ;a}nfO{ Ps} :t/sf] x'"b}g, km/s km/s x'G5 . o;} cy{df lx+;f lk8Ltx?sf] kL8fdf t ;don] dfq dnd nufpnf, c? s;}n] ;Sb}g . t/ pgLx? ;w}e/L cfly{s ef}lts k"g:yf{kgfsf] cefjdf lkl8t eO/xg' eg] x'"b}g eGg] cy{df cfkm\gf ljrf/x? ut c+sdf klg cl3 ;f/]sL lyP" . /fxt / k"g:yf{kgfsf s'/fdf cfly{s ef}lts ;xof]usf s'/fx? g} a];L p7\g] x'"bf h;sf] h:tf] cfjZostf 5, To:t} cg';f/sf] ;xof]u / k"g:yf{kgf x'g ;Sof] eg] dfq lk8Ltx?aLr klg Gofo x'g] lyof] . o; s'/fdf lk8Ltx?s} ;d'xx? klg hfu?s x'g' cfjZos 5 .

clxn] /fhwfgLdf lkl8t ;d"xx? k'g:yf{kgf sfo{qmd / Gofosf nflu ljleGg ;+:yfx?4f/f cfof]lht ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmdx?df pkl:yt eP/ cfjfh p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . o;} ;Gbe{df uPsf] c°df d}n] lkl8tx? slxn];Dd lkl8t eO/xg], pgLx?nfO{ d"nwf/df Nofpg s:tf] k'g:yf{kgf sfo{qmdsf] lbg ;lsG5 tyf pgLx?nfO{ d~rdf Nofp"bf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kg]{ kIfx?df s]xL k|Zgx? p7fPsL lyP" h;nfO{ cft+skLl8t 6'x'/f ;dfhsf t˚{af6 s]kL clwsf/L / ;'af]w clwsf/Ln] ulDe/ k|ltlqmof hgfpg' ePsf] lyof] . pxf"x?sf] k|ltlqmof lyof]===‘;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg zflGtk"0f{ ¿kdf ul/of];\ / xfd|f lktfsf] xTof clGtd agf];\ eGg] xfd|f zAbrflx" lsg n]lvsfsf] b[li6df k/]g5g\ < lgZro g} of] egfO{ pxf"x?sf] cGt/cfTdfsf] arg xf] h;nfO{ d ;Ddfg u5'{ / cfkm\gf] :d/0fdf klg /flv/x]sL 5' . t/ of] cfJxfg ;'Gg'kg]{ d'Vo kIfx? dfcf]jfbL tyf ;/sf/ kIf hf] ;Qfsf nflu nl8/x]sf 5g\, pgLx?n] o; s'/fnfO{ ;'Gg h?/L 5 . To;sf lglDt lkl8tx?n] cfkm\gf] cfjfhnfO{ cem} a'nGb ug{ h?/L 5 .